Green Economy and Renewable Energy: Catalysts for Sustainable Economic Growth in Developing Countries

Abstract

Abstract

The transition toward a green economy represents a pivotal response to environmental degradation and economic inequality in developing nations. This conceptual article investigates the role of renewable energy as a catalyst for sustainable economic growth in these regions. While developing countries face significant challenges in adopting green energy—such as limited financing, policy fragmentation, and technological dependency—renewable energy holds transformative potential. By integrating a theoretical and document-based qualitative methodology, this study synthesizes international literature and conceptual frameworks to explore the intersection between economic development and sustainability. It examines how renewable energy systems contribute to employment generation, energy security, and the decarbonization of growth patterns. The analysis reveals that the deployment of renewable technologies—especially solar and wind—can foster inclusive growth, enhance resilience against climate change, and reduce external energy dependencies. However, realizing this potential requires coherent policy frameworks, institutional capacity-building, and regional cooperation. The findings contribute to the scholarly discourse by highlighting structural enablers and constraints, while offering practical recommendations tailored to the socioeconomic contexts of developing countries. This research emphasizes the importance of a holistic and multi-sectoral strategy for mainstreaming green energy into national development agendas.