Flexible Work and Job Design for Stress Management in Changing Work Environments

Abstract

In today’s dynamic work environment, organizations increasingly use alternative work arrange-ments (AWAs) to enhance adaptability and resilience. This study explores the relationship between AWAs, job design, and stress management in promoting employee well-being and sustainable performance. Employing a qualitative approach grounded in the Job Characteris-tics Model, Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, and Self-Determination Theory, it examines relevant literature and Indonesian workplace contexts. Key findings highlight the importance of role clarity, participative job design, and psychological support in reducing stress and boosting motivation. Organizations with flexible yet well-structured systems demonstrate higher engagement and resilience. The study proposes a strategic model to help businesses and policymakers design human-centered, adaptive, and effective work environments that support long-term organizational success.