Indonesia’s Journey to SDG 1: Progress, Structural Challenges, and Poverty Alleviation Opportunities

Abstract

This study evaluates Indonesia’s performance in achieving Sustainable Development Goal 1 (SDG 1), focusing on poverty eradication through multidimensional and inclusive strategies. Using qualitative textual analysis and grounded in capability and structuralist theories, it investigates three core areas: national progress, institutional challenges, and innovative opportunities. Findings show that while social protection programs like Family Hope Program and direct cash transfers have reduced poverty rates, institutional fragmentation and urban-rural disparities hinder long-term impact. The study reveals underutilized opportunities in Islamic economic tools such as zakat and waqf, which could enhance ethical and community-based financing. By integrating global frameworks with Indonesia’s socio-religious context, this research offers theoretical contributions and practical policy insights. The analysis recommends participatory governance, local innovation, and digital accountability to build sustainable, equitable solutions for poverty eradication. This article contributes to academic discourse by bridging global SDG norms and local realities in a developing country setting.