Causes and Impacts of Early Marriage: A Phenomenological Study in the Cimarel Hamlet Community, West Bandung Regency
Rahimin Affandi Abdul Rahim(1*), Rika Dilawati(2)
(1) Universiti Malaya Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
(2) Peace Ambassador for West Java Province, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author
Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menginterpretasikan persepsi pernikahan dini, penyatuan dua insan yang salah satu atau keduanya berusia di bawah 18 tahun melalui pendekatan fenomenologis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah kualitatif, dengan pengumpulan data melalui observasi disertai wawancara mendalam yang didukung dengan pendekatan analisis dokumentasi induktif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat di Dusun Cimarel, Bandung Barat memandang perlunya pernikahan dini pada anak perempuan berusia 15-16 tahun sebagai perjodohan, penghindaran sanksi sosial zina dan kehamilan di luar nikah, dan sebagai solusi ekonomis bagi orang tua untuk mengalihkan tanggung jawabnya. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perjodohan dan penghindaran percabulan merupakan motivasi yang signifikan untuk pernikahan dini. Selain itu, ditemukan pula bahwa pernikahan dini menimbulkan dampak yang merugikan bagi istri, suami, dan anak. Dampaknya terkait kasus komplikasi kehamilan bagi istri dan tekanan psikologis bagi suami. Dampak terhadap anak yang lahir dari pernikahan dini terutama kematian bayi yang baru lahir. Solusi yang ditawarkan untuk mendukung target pembangunan kependudukan dan penurunan angka pernikahan dini adalah dengan meningkatkan akses fasilitas dan informasi kesehatan bagi perempuan, serta mengatasi norma budaya dan sosial dengan membahas dampak pernikahan dini dengan tokoh sosial dan agama serta pemangku kepentingan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/jt.v5i1.16085
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