AUTENTIFIKASI AL-QUR’AN MELALUI KRITIK TEKS (KAJIAN ATAS THE AGELESS QUR’AN TIMELESS TEXT: A VISUAL STUDY OF SURA 17 ACROSS 14 CENTURIES AND 19 MANUSCRIPTS)
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Abstract
Sejak lama kajian teks terus dilakukan, seolah ia tidak pernah lekang oleh waktu, terutama terhadap validitas teks Al-Qur’an. Di era permulaan Islam, para sarjana sudah menggunakan metode kritik teks dalam mengkaji manuskrip al-Qur’an, namun penerapannya sering kali menuai kritik karena berasal dari studi teks Bibel. Padahal prinsip-prinsip kritik teks ini telah dipakai oleh para sahabat Nabi meski istilah textual criticism (kritik teks) belum muncul. Artikel ini berusaha melacak sejauh mana penerapan kritik teks A’zami yang meneliti 18 manuskrip al-Qur’an tertuang dalam karyanya Ageless Qur’an timeless text: A visual study of Sura 17 across 14 centuries and 19 manuscripts. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan cara menganalisis karya A’zami tersebut. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa A’zami menerapkan beberapa prinsip kritik teks, seperti pencarian kesalahan teks, analisa perbandingan manuskrip, dan perbedaan tulisan al-Qur’an dari masa ke masa. Namun, A‘zami tidak mengajukan perbaikan teks atau menerbitkan edisi kritis al-Qur’an sebagaimana efek penerapan kritik teks pada Bibel. Keunikan kajian A’zami terletak pada visualisasi proses kritik teks. Artikel ini juga menyimpulkan bahwa penelitian mengenai manuskrip-manuskrip al-Qur’an menggunakan prinsip-prinsip kritik teks dapat membuktikan keaslian al-Qur’an.
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