The Role of Social Network and Religious Identity to Predict Political Participation in Indonesia


Tery Setiawan(1*), Muhammad AS Hikam(2), Antonius Suhartomo(3)

(1) Universitas Kristen Maranatha Radboud University, Netherlands
(2) President University,  
(3) President University,  
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


This study aims to investigate to what extent individuals’ social network and social identity can predict their future political participation during the Covid-19 pandemic. Specifically, we employed a social network analysis (SNA) approach and religious identity notion to determine individuals’ intention to vote in 2024 general election in Indonesia. To this end, we used previously-tested measures in our samples gathered from various big cities in Indonesia (N=314 from Denpasar, Semarang, Jabodetabek and Medan). Our validity tests show that all the employed measures are valid and reliable across samples. The results reveal that, on average, participants from all cities demonstrate high level intention to vote in the 2024 general election. Furthermore, we find that offline political participation is the strongest predictor to determine the participants’ intention to vote in 2024 election. Religious identity indicator, in form of religiocentrism, is also found to be strongly associated with the participants’ intention to vote, although negatively. Within social network findings, on average, participants frequently interact with their mentioned close contacts but are found to either only discuss social or political issues or not at all with their contacts. This explains why within-network characteristics are not associated with participants’ intention to vote in 2024 election. Overall, the findings suggest that individuals’ past political participation and their religious identity play a pivotal role in determining their future participation in the general election during the Covid-19 pandemic.


Keywords


electoral vote; social network analysis; religious identity; Covid-19 pandemic; Indonesia

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v8i1.24813

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