Implementation of Cognitive Learning Theory in Polya Learning to Improve Mathematical Problem Solving Ability


Siswanto Siswanto(1), Yulaikah Yulaikah(2*)

(1) Sekolah Tinggi Agama Islam Syubbanul Wathon Magelang, Indonesia
(2) Sekolah Dasar Negeri Treko 1 Magelang, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji efektivitas penerapan teori pembelajaran kognitif dalam pembelajaran Polya terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa di salah satu SMA di Magelang menggunakan desain penelitian eksperimen. Subjek penelitian adalah siswa kelas 10 yang dibagi menjadi kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Kelompok eksperimen menerima pembelajaran Polya dengan penerapan teori pembelajaran kognitif, sementara kelompok kontrol menerima pembelajaran Polya tanpa penerapan teori pembelajaran kognitif. Data dikumpulkan melalui tes dan observasi kelas. Hasil analisis data menggunakan software SPSS dengan teknik analisis statistik ANOVA menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kelompok. Selain itu, hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa terdapat peningkatan yang signifikan dalam kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa pada kelompok eksperimen setelah intervensi. Hasil analisis observasi kelas menunjukkan adanya peningkatan interaksi antara siswa dan guru serta penggunaan strategi metakognitif oleh siswa dalam kelompok eksperimen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan teori pembelajaran kognitif dalam pembelajaran Polya secara signifikan meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa di SMA di Magelang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini merekomendasikan penerapan teori pembelajaran kognitif dalam pembelajaran Polya sebagai salah satu alternatif untuk meningkatkan kemampuan pemecahan masalah matematika siswa di SMA di Magelang.

 

This study aims to test the effectiveness of the application of cognitive learning theory in Polya learning on the mathematical problem-solving ability of students in one of the high schools in Magelang using an experimental research design. The subjects of the study were 10th-grade students who were divided into an experimental group and a control group. Data were collected through classroom tests and observations. The results of data analysis using SPSS software with ANOVA statistical analysis techniques showed that there were significant differences between groups. In addition, the results of the analysis showed that there was a significant improvement in students' mathematical problem-solving abilities in the experimental group after the intervention. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the application of cognitive learning theory in Polya learning significantly improves the mathematical problem-solving ability of students in high school in Magelang. Therefore, this study recommends the application of cognitive learning theory in Polya learning as an alternative to improve students' mathematical problem-solving skills in high school in Magelang.


Keywords


Polya Learning, Cognitive Learning Theory, Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/ja.v9i1.25026

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