Human Rights and Features of their Protection in Conditions of War: International Legal Standards, Administrative, Constitutional and Criminal Aspects


Yuliia Zaporozhchenko(1*), Yuliia Leheza(2), Yuliia Volkova(3), Olena Pushkina(4), Marat Koval(5)

(1) University of Customs and Finance, Ukraine
(2) Dnipro University of Technology, Ukraine
(3) National Aviation University, Ukraine
(4) Dnipro University of Technology, Ukraine
(5) Fifth Administrative Court of Appeal, Ukraine
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The article is devoted to analysis of constitutional human rights and freedoms under martial law. The main focus is made on the analysis of human rights that may be restricted during martial law. Human rights are divided into absolute ones and relative ones. Absolute rights are determined as rights that cannot be limited under any circumstances. The legal definition of martial law is analyzed. It was found that martial law is the main legal basis for limiting the constitutional rights and freedoms of the person and of the citizen. Grounds for introducing martial law include threats to national security and territorial integrity. Attention is focused on the mechanisms and guarantees aimed at protection of human rights in conditions of martial law. Any restrictions on human rights must be justified, proportionate and necessary to achieve the legitimate goals of security and defense of the state. Affirmation and provision of human rights and freedoms is the main duty of the state. Therefore, during the legal regime of martial law the state cannot cancel its obligation to guarantee human rights. The list of rights which are not subject to restriction even during martial law, are human and citizen’s rights guaranteed by the Constitution. Respect for human rights is a guarantee of state power both at the national and international levels.


Keywords


Martial law, guarantees, protection, human rights, international legal standards, restrictions, security

Full Text:

PDF

References


Abramova, A., Shaposhnykov, K., Zhavoronok, A., ...Skvirskyi, I., Lukashev, O. (2021). The ecosystem of VAT administration in E-commerce: case of the eastern europe countries. Estudios de Economia Aplicada, 2021, 39(5), 1-5 DOI: https://doi.org/10.25115/eea.v39i5.4909

Bonyak, V., Minka, T., & Мysliva, O. (2019). Origins of the institution of corruption in post-socialist states: economic, legal and institutional aspects. Economic Annals-XXI, 177(5-6), 22-33. doi: https://doi.org/10.21003/ea.V177-02

Dymko, I., Muradian, A., Manzhula, А., Rudkovskyi, O., Leheza, Ye. (2017). Integrated approach to the development of the effectiveness function of quality control of metal products. Eastern European Journal of Enterprise Technologies. 6/3 (90). 26-34. doi: 10.15587/1729-4061.2017.119500.

Hornsby V, Greece. (1997). Judgement, European Court of Human Rights, §§40-45, no. 18357/91, March19. Available online. In: http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-58020

Korneyev, M., Zolotukhina, L., Hryhorash, T., Leheza Ye., Hryhorash O., (2018). The development of small business as a source of formation of local budget revenues in Ukraine. Investment. Management and Financial Innovations. 15 (1). P. 132-140. DOI:10.21511/imfi.15(1).2018.12

Kuchuk, A.M. (2018). Theory of the state and law. Part 1. Theory of the state: educational and methodological manual. Dnipro: Dnipropetrovsk State University of Internal Affairs, 112 p.

Law of Ukraine. (1996). Constitution of Ukraine: Law of Ukraine of June 28, 1996 No. 254k/96-ВР. Information of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. 1996,No. 30, Art. 141.Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/254%D0%BA/96-%D0%B2%D1%80#Text

Law of Ukraine. (1997). On Ratification of the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of 1950, the First Protocol and Protocols 2, 4, 7 and 11 to the Convention. Available online. In: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/475/97-%D0%B2%D1%80.

Law of Ukraine. (2001). On Citizenship in Ukraine. Available online. In: https://https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/2235-14

Law of Ukraine. (2022). On the legal regime of martial law: Law of Ukraine dated 12.05.2015. № 389-VIII. Retrieved from: https://zakon.rada.gov.ua/laws/show/389-19#Text.

Leheza, Y., Shcherbyna, Bogdan. Leheza, Yulia. Pushkina, Olena & Marchenko O. (2023). Features of Applying the Right to Suspension or Complete/ Partial Refusal to Fulfill a Duty in Case of Non-Fulfilment of the Counter Duty by the Other Party According to the Civil Legislation of Ukraine. Revista Jurídica Portucalense, 340–359. Retrieved from https://revistas.rcaap.pt/juridica/article/view/29662

Leheza, Ye. O., Filatov, V., Varava, V., Halunko, V., Kartsyhin, D. (2019). Scientific and practical analysis of administrative jurisdiction in the light of adoption of the new code of administrative procedure of Ukraine. Journal of Legal, Ethical and Regulatory Issues. Vol. 22, Issue 5. 2019. P. 1-8. Retrieved from :https://www.abacademies.org/articles/scientific-and-practical-analysis-of-administrative-jurisdiction-in-the-light-of-adoption-of-the-new-code-of-administrative-proced-8634.html

Leheza, Ye. Shablystyi, V. Aristova, I. V. Kravchenko, I. A. Korniakova, T. (2023). Foreign Experience in Legal Regulation of Combating Crime in the Sphere of Trafficking of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances, their Analogues and Precursors: Administrative and Criminal Aspect. Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research. Vol. 12 . No. 4, 1-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4303/JDAR/236240

Leheza, Ye., Pisotska, K., Dubenko, O., Dakhno, O., Sotskyi, A. (2022). The Essence of the Principles of Ukrainian Law in Modern Jurisprudence. Revista Jurídica Portucalense, December, 342-363. DOI: https://doi.org/10.34625/issn.2183-2705(32)2022.ic-15

Leonenko, T.Y., Leonenko, M.I., Shkuta, O.O., Yurchyshyn, V.M. (2019). Features of group motivation for criminal acts committed on the grounds of religious hatred or hostility. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, 10(3), 842–849 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v10.3(41).19

Leonenko, T.Y., Leonenko, M.I., Shyian, O.Y., Yurchyshyn, V.M., Shkuta, O.O. (2019). Pathological’ Religiosity Phenomenon as Manifestation of Individual's Deviant Behavior: Religious Hatred or Discord Motive in Commission of Crimes in the Religious Denomination Sphere. Journal of Advanced Research in Law and Economics, , 10(1), 295–306 DOI: https://doi.org/10.14505//jarle.v10.1(39).30

Łuków, P. (2018). A difficult legacy: human dignity as the founding value of human rights. Human Rights Review, 19(3), 313–329.

Loizidou V, Turkey. (1996). Judgement, European Court of Human Rights, §45, no. 15318/89, 18 December. Available online. In: http://hudoc.echr.coe.int/eng?i=001-58007

Manzhula, A. Leheza,Ye. (2017). Foreign experience and public services through the implementation in national legislation Ukraine. ScienceRise: Juridical Science, (2 (2), 45–49. doi: 10.15587/2523-4153.2017.118829

Nandy, D. (2023). Human Rights in the Era of Surveillance: Balancing Security and Privacy Concerns. Journal of Current Social and Political Issues, 1(1), 13–17.

Payne, K. B., & Foster, J. S. (2017). Russian strategy Expansion, crisis and conflict. Comparative Strategy, 36(1), 1–89.

Shemshuchenko, Yurii. (2017). “Constitution of Ukraine and human rights” In: Law of Ukraine. No. 8, pp. 13-16.

Shkuta, O., Karbovskyi, D., Pushkina, O., Potip, M., Varhuliak, O.Object and Subject of State Control in the Sphere of Legal Turnover of Narcotic Drugs, Psychotropic Substances and their Precursors in Ukraine: Administrative, Criminal and Civil-Legal Aspect. Journal of Drug and Alcohol Research. 2023, 12(7), 236-255. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4303/JDAR/236255

Volobuieva, O. Leheza, Ye. Pervii, V. Plokhuta, Ye. Pichko, R. (2023). Criminal and Administrative Legal Characteristics of Offenses in The Field of Countering Drug Trafficking: Insights from Ukraine. Yustisia. Vol 12, No 3. 262-277. DOI: https://doi.org/10.20961/yustisia.v12i3.79443




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/kh.v5i3.33290

Refbacks



Copyright (c) 2023 Yuliia Zaporozhchenko et.al

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Jl. Raya A.H. Nasution No. 105 Cibiru Kota Bandung, 40614
Handphone: +6282176562270

E-mail: KHukum@uinsgd.ac.id

Lisensi Creative Commons

Khazanah Hukum are licensed under Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International