Ambivalensi Politik Hukum dalam Sistem Pemilu: Analisis Orientasi Perubahan Undang-Undang Pemilu di Indonesia

Muhamad Iqbal Ansori Firdaus; Lisda Apriliani Sobirin; Angga Gustian Widodo; Hadiana; Riswandi; Janetra Adiel Maulana Ikhsan

doi:10.15575/sjtp.v4i2.57229

Authors

Muhamad Iqbal Ansori Firdaus Universitas Kartamulia Purwakarta, Indonesia
Lisda Apriliani Sobirin Universitas Kartamulia Purwakarta, Indonesia
Angga Gustian Widodo Universitas Islam Bandung, Indonesia
Hadiana Universitas Kartamulia Purwakarta, Indonesia
Riswandi Universitas Kartamulia Purwakarta, Indonesia
Janetra Adiel Maulana Ikhsan Universitas Kartamulia Purwakarta, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15575/sjtp.v4i2.57229

Keywords:

Ambivalence; Legal Politics; Electoral System; Threshold; Constitutional Court; Substantive Democracy.

Abstract

This research aims to answer questions regarding how legal politics orientation underlies changes in Indonesia's electoral system, how the character of legal politics ambivalence in elections is identified, and how the Constitutional Court's role shapes the consistency of electoral legal policy direction following judicial review decisions. This research employs doctrinal legal research methods with statutory, conceptual, and case approaches, through analysis of the 1945 Constitution, Law Number 7 of 2017, and Constitutional Court decisions related to the electoral system. The results show that Indonesia's electoral legal politics orientation is dualistic between strengthening democracy and power stabilization interests, reflected in the consistent increase of the parliamentary threshold from 2 percent to 4 percent. This ambivalence is evident in representation disproportionality due to wasted votes, gaps in women's representation, and weak enforcement of affirmative policies. The Constitutional Court has proven to play an evolutive role, shifting from being defensive toward open legal policy to more actively conducting substantive corrections, as demonstrated by Decision Number 62/PUU-XXII/2024 which abolished the presidential threshold. These findings affirm the need to reorient electoral legal politics toward strengthening substantive democracy and more inclusive political representation in Indonesia.

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