Generative AI

For authors

• Generative AI tools (such as large language models) cannot be listed as authors, because they cannot take responsibility for the work.
• Authors are fully accountable for the content of their manuscripts, including any material produced with AI assistance. Authors must verify the accuracy of all facts, sources, and citations; AI-generated references and quotations must be checked against the originals.
• The use of AI tools in writing, translation, data analysis, or image creation must be disclosed in the Methods or Acknowledgements section, naming the tool and describing how it was used. Basic grammar and spelling correction does not require disclosure.
• Using AI to fabricate data, sources, manuscripts, or images is research misconduct.

For reviewers and editors

• Manuscripts are confidential and must not be uploaded to public generative AI tools.
• Reviewers must not use AI tools to write their review reports. Editors remain responsible for all decisions.