PENGARUH BUDAYA KERJA DIGITAL DAN GAYA KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL TERHADAP PERILAKU PROAKTIF KARYAWAN PT. TELKOM INDONESIA DI ERA TRANSFORMASI DIGITAL
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/jb.v5i2.58459Keywords:
Budaya Kerja Digital, Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Perilaku Proaktif, Transformasi Digital, SEM-PLS.Abstract
Transformasi digital menuntut organisasi memiliki karyawan yang tidak sekadar mampu beradaptasi dengan teknologi baru, tetapi juga berani mengambil inisiatif dalam menghadapi perubahan yang berlangsung cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh budaya kerja digital dan gaya kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap perilaku proaktif karyawan di Divisi Digital Connectivity Service (DCS) Area Kota Bandung PT. Telkom Indonesia, baik secara parsial maupun simultan. Pendekatan kuantitatif deskriptif verifikatif diterapkan dengan melibatkan 54 responden melalui teknik sensus. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner skala Likert lima poin secara daring, kemudian dianalisis menggunakan Structural Equation Modelling–Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) dengan pendekatan second-order construct melalui two-stage approach. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya kerja digital berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perilaku proaktif (koefisien jalur = 0,365; p = 0,030), begitu pula gaya kepemimpinan transformasional (koefisien jalur = 0,359; p = 0,009). Secara simultan, kedua variabel menjelaskan 39,9% variasi perilaku proaktif karyawan. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa peningkatan perilaku proaktif memerlukan sinergi antara lingkungan kerja digital yang suportif dan kepemimpinan yang menginspirasi serta memberdayakan karyawan secara berkelanjutan.
References
Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030140202
Bondarouk, T., & Brewster, C. (2016). Conceptualising the future of HRM and technology research. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 27(21), 2652–2671. https://doi.org/10.1080/09585192.2016.1232296
Boonyarit, I. (2023). Linking self-leadership to proactive work behavior: A network analysis. Cogent Business and Management, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2022.2163563
Chanie, W., Melese, S., & Demesie, A. (2023). Linking work characteristics to proactive behavior: Mediating role of motivational state. Heliyon, 9(7), e17522. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17522
Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behavior in organizations. Journal of Management, 26(3), 435–462. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0149-2063(00)00044-1
Dai, D. H., & Tan, K. H. (2023). The influence of organizational culture and shared leadership on digital transformation and firm performance. Journal of Governance and Regulation, 12(3 Special Issue), 214–222. https://doi.org/10.22495/jgrv12i3siart3
Fan, C., Tang, S., Chen, L., & Sun, T. (2022). Perceived organizational support and proactive innovation behavior: The mediating role of basic psychological needs. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1–12. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.804363
Granzen, A. (2021). Spotlight on Southeast Asia: The state of digital transformation in Indonesia. Forrester. https://www.forrester.com/blogs/spotlight-on-southeast-asia-the-state-of-digital-transformation-in-indonesia/
Hair, J. F., Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Sage Publications.
Iqbal, R., Shahzad, K., & Donia, M. B. L. (2023). Environmentally specific transformational leadership and employee green attitude and behavior: An affective events theory perspective. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 92, 102181. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102181
Kocak, S., & Pawlowski, J. (2022). Characteristics in digital organizational culture: A literature review. International Joint Conference on Knowledge Discovery, Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, IC3K Proceedings, 3, 31–42. https://doi.org/10.5220/0011530500003335
Liang, S. (2025). An analysis of how work stress affects employees' proactive work behavior: The moderating role of corporate financial support. Finance Research Letters, 85, 108192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.frl.2025.108192
Martínez-Caro, E., Cegarra-Navarro, J. G., & Alfonso-Ruiz, F. J. (2020). Digital technologies and firm performance: The role of digital organisational culture. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 154, 119962. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2020.119962
Mubarak, N., Khan, J., Yasmin, R., & Osmadi, A. (2021). The impact of a proactive personality on innovative work behavior: The role of work engagement and transformational leadership. Leadership and Organization Development Journal, 42(7), 989–1003. https://doi.org/10.1108/LODJ-11-2020-0518
Nurfuaddi, N., Irwansyah, I., & Shoalihin, S. (2025). Pengaruh budaya kerja digital dan adaptasi teknologi terhadap kinerja karyawan Alfamart di era Retail 4.0. Advances in Management & Financial Reporting, 3(3), 927–944. https://doi.org/10.60079/amfr.v3i3.621
Özkan Alakaş, E. (2024). Digital transformational leadership and organizational agility in digital transformation: Structural equation modelling of the moderating effects of digital culture and digital strategy. Journal of High Technology Management Research, 35(2). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hitech.2024.100517
Parker, S. K., & Collins, C. G. (2010). Taking stock: Integrating and differentiating multiple proactive behaviors. Journal of Management, 36(3), 633–662. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206308321554
Pradana, M., Silvianita, A., Syarifuddin, S., & Renaldi, R. (2022). The implication of digital organisational culture on firm performance. Frontiers in Psychology, 13. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.840699
Ramadan, M., Bou Zakhem, N., Baydoun, H., Daouk, A., Youssef, S., El Fawal, A., Elia, J., & Ashaal, A. (2023). Toward digital transformation and business model innovation: The nexus between leadership, organizational agility, and knowledge transfer. Administrative Sciences, 13(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci13080185
Riswandi, Fatkhurahman, & Amdanata, D. D. (2023). Pengaruh gaya kepemimpinan terhadap perilaku proaktif dengan pemberdayaan psikologis sebagai variabel mediasi. Jurnal Komunitas Sains Manajemen, 2(2), 148–159.
Robbins, S., & Judge, T. (2013). Organizational behavior (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Sarstedt, M., Hair, J. F., Cheah, J. H., Becker, J. M., & Ringle, C. M. (2019). How to specify, estimate, and validate higher-order constructs in PLS-SEM. Australasian Marketing Journal, 27(3), 197–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ausmj.2019.05.003
Setiadi, H., & Widodo, W. (2024). Unveiling the effect of proactive work behavior on task performance through boundary-spanning leadership and psychological empowerment. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 22(3), 556–569. https://doi.org/10.21511/ppm.22(3).2024.42
Strohmeier, S. (2020). Digital human resource management: A conceptual clarification. German Journal of Human Resource Management, 34(3), 345–365. https://doi.org/10.1177/2397002220921131
Sugiyono. (2018). Metodologi penelitian kuantitatif, kualitatif dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Sutopo, T., Amin, S., & Indrawijaya, S. (2024). Dukungan pimpinan dan dampaknya terhadap perilaku kerja proaktif yang dimediasi oleh budaya kerja. Jurnal Ilmiah Universitas Batanghari Jambi, 24(2), 1840. https://doi.org/10.33087/jiubj.v24i2.5345
Verhoef, P. C., Broekhuizen, T., Bart, Y., Bhattacharya, A., Qi Dong, J., Fabian, N., & Haenlein, M. (2021). Digital transformation: A multidisciplinary reflection and research agenda. Journal of Business Research, 122, 889–901. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.09.022
Vial, G. (2019). Understanding digital transformation: A review and a research agenda. Journal of Strategic Information Systems, 28(2), 118–144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsis.2019.01.003
Wihardja, M. M., Pradana, A. T., Wibisana, P. S., & Swarnata, A. (2024). The heterogeneous impacts of digital transformation and investment on Indonesia's labour market. ERIA Discussion Paper Series, 524.
Yukl, G. (2013). Leadership in organization. Pearson Education.
Zhou, X., Xiong, Q., Wang, M., Huang, L., & Zhong, M. (2025). Employees' perception of digital human resource management changes and proactive behavior: The mediating role of work engagement and moderating effect of person-organization fit. Frontiers in Psychology, 16, 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1623702
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.


