Keragaan agronomi dan korelasi komponen hasil galur turunkan esensial padi biofortifikasi inpari IR nutri zinc
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/j.agro.49633Keywords:
Galur turunan esensial, GKG , Karakter agronomi, KorelasiAbstract
Galur turunan esensial merupakan kelompok tanaman hasil pemuliaan padi yang memiliki sifat unggul dan berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai varietas baru. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi keragaan serta hubungan antar komponen hasil terhadap produktivitas galur turunan esensial yang dibandingkan dengan varietas tetua Inpari IR Nutri Zinc. Pengujian dilaksanakan pada akhir Januari hingga Juni 2025 di IP2SIP Muara, Bogor, menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap terpadu dengan empat ulangan. Galur BP35650*4-SKI-1-3-KNG-0-SKI-0 memiliki umur paling genjah dibandingkan tetua Inpari IR Nutri Zinc. BP35650*4-SKI-38-2-KNG-0-SKI-0 postur tanaman nyata lebih tinggi dibandingkan Inpari IR Nutri Zinc. Semua galur menunjukan tidak berbeda nyata dengan pada karakter Gabah kering Giling (GKG) dengan tetua backcross Inpari IR Nutri Zinc. Beberapa galur mengalami perbaikan karakter ukuran gabah dari tetua backcross (Inpari IR Nutri Zinc = 22,85 g), diantaranya: BP35650*4-SKI-1-3-KNG-0-SKI-0 (25,38 g), BP35650*4-SKI-16-1-KNG-0-SKI-0 (24,83 g), BP35650*4-SKI-19-2-KNG-0-SKI-0 (25,60 g), dan BP35650*4-SKI-22-3-KNG-0-SKI-0 (24,83 g). Jumlah gabah isi permalai menunjukan korelasi kuat terhadap hasil panen pada pengujian ini. Sebaliknya, panjang malai dan bobot 1000 butir memiliki hubungan yang lemah atau bahkan negatif terhadap hasil. Temuan ini memberikan dasar dalam pemilihan galur potensial yang memiliki produktivitas tinggi dan mendukung upaya pengembangan varietas padi unggul.
ABSTRACT
Essential derived rice lines are a group of breeding lines that have superior properties and have the potential to be developed as new varieties. This study aims to evaluate the diversity and relationship between yield components to the productivity of essential derivative strains compared to the parent variety Inpari IR Nutri Zinc. The test was carried out from the end of January to June 2025 at IP2SIP Muara, Bogor, using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replicates. The BP35650*4-SKI-1-3-KNG-0-SKI-0 strain (106 hst) has the longest lifespan compared to the Inpari IR Nutri Zinc elder (109 hss). BP35650*4-SKI-38-2-KNG-0-SKI-0 (107.1 cm) real plant posture is higher than Inpari IR Nutri Zinc (99.3 cm). All strains show no real difference from the character of GKG with the elder backcross Inpari IR Nutri Zinc. Several lines showed larger grain size compared to Inpari IR Nutri Zinc (22,85 g), including: BP35650*4-SKI-1-3-KNG-0-SKI-0 (25.38 g), BP35650*4-SKI-16-1-KNG-0-SKI-0 (24.83 g), BP35650*4-SKI-19-2-KNG-0-SKI-0 (25.60 g), and BP35650*4-SKI-22-3-KNG-0-SKI-0 (24.83 g). The number of filled grains per panicle has a strong correlation with the yield in this research. In contrast, panicle length and weight of 1000 grains had a weak or even negative relationship with results. These findings provide a basis for selecting potential strains that have high productivity and support efforts to develop superior rice varieties.
References
Afdila, D., Ezward, C., & Haitami, A. (2021). Karakter Tinggi Tanaman, Umur Panen, Jumlah Anakan, Dan Berat Panen Pada 12 Genotipe Padi Lokal Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Jurnal Sains Agro, 6(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.36355/jsa.v6i1.496
Badan Pusat Statistik. (2024). Membentengi anak dari stunting. Mediakom, 167, 20.
Chairuman, N., Batubara, S. F., Aryati, V., Jonharnas, J., & Helmi, H. (2022). Peluang Pengembangan Inpari IR Nutri Zinc dan Perbenihan Padi di Sumatera Utara. Agrikultura, 33(3), 390. https://doi.org/10.24198/agrikultura.v33i3.41739
Chen, J., Cao, F., Li, H., Shan, S., Tao, Z., Lei, T., Liu, Y., Xiao, Z., Zou, Y., Huang, M., & Abou-Elwafa, S. F. (2020). Genotypic variation in the grain photosynthetic contribution to grain filling in rice. Journal of Plant Physiology, 253, 153269. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JPLPH.2020.153269
Costa, M. I., Sarmento-Ribeiro, A. B., & Gonçalves, A. C. (2023). Zinc: From Biological Functions to Therapeutic Potential. International Journal of Molecular Sciences 2023, Vol. 24, Page 4822, 24(5), 4822. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJMS24054822
Dan, I., Sebagai, L., & Ternak, P. (2018). Potensi Hasil Varietas Inbrida Padi Sawah Irigasi Kabupaten Musi Rawas Provinsi Sumatera Selatan. Jurnal Agrisistem, 14(2), 96–101.
Ganesan, N. M., Bama, K., Boominathan, P., Suresh, R., Ganesan, M., & Bama, S. (2023). Variability and association analysis for yield and yield contributing traits in early segregating backcross population in Rice (Oryza sativa L.).
Hossain, M. M., Ahmed, S., Alam, M. S., & Hossain, A. (2024). Adverse effects of heat shock in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and approaches to mitigate it for sustainable rice production under the changing climate: A comprehensive review.
Heliyon, 10(24), e41072. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.HELIYON.2024.E41072
Howlader, N. C., Bulbul, M. T. A., Islam, M. Z., Arafat, E., Rana, M. S., & Hasan, M. Z. (2025). Assessing rice genotypes based on agro-morphological characterization and diversity analysis in southern Bangladesh. Discover Plants 2025 2:1, 2(1), 1–19. https://doi.org/10.1007/S44372-025-00253-W
Kumar Naik Ph, Mv. D., Kumar Naik, Mv., Arumugam Pillai, M., & Saravanan, S. (2021). Assessment of Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis for Yield Attributing and Quality Traits in promising rice varieties cultivated in Tamil Nadu. The Journal of Phytopharmacology, 10(2), 139–143. https://doi.org/10.31254/phyto.2021.10211
Manjunatha, B., & Niranjana, K. (2024). Genetic Attributes for Selection and Assessment of Yield Enhancement in Paddy (Oryza sativa L.). International Journal of Plant & Soil Science, 36(5), 23–29. https://doi.org/10.9734/IJPSS/2024/V36I54498
Manzoor, G. A., Yin, C., Zhang, L., & Wang, J. (2025). Mapping and Validation of Quantitative Trait Loci on Yield-Related Traits Using Bi-Parental Recombinant Inbred Lines and Reciprocal Single-Segment Substitution Lines in Rice (Oryza sativa L.). Plants, 14(1), 43. https://doi.org/10.3390/PLANTS14010043/S1
Nurhidayat, R. P., Azizah, E., Pirngadi, K., Septianingrum, E., & Rohaeni, W. R. (2024). Analisis Kandungan Zinc pada Berbagai Organ Tanaman Beberapa Varietas Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.). Jurnal Agrotech, 14(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.31970/AGROTECH.V14I1.149
Qi, B., Cheng, S., Song, Y., Wu, C., & Yang, M. (2025). Hidden Stigmas Enhance Heat Resilience: A Novel Breeding Trait for Sustaining Rice Spikelet Fertility Under Nocturnal Heat Stress. Agronomy 2025, Vol. 15, Page 982, 15(4), 982. https://doi.org/10.3390/AGRONOMY15040982
Sadimantara, G. R., Yusuf, D. N., Febrianti, E., Leomo, S., & Muhidin. (2021). The performance of agronomic traits, genetic variability, and correlation studies for yield and its components in some red rice (Oryza sativa) promising lines. Biodiversitas, 22(9), 3994–4001. https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d220947
Saleh, M. M., Salem, K. F. M., & Elabd, A. B. (2020). Definition of selection criterion using correlation and path coefficient analysis in rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotypes. Bulletin of the National Research Centre 2020 44:1, 44(1), 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1186/S42269-020-00403-Y
Singh, H., & Mishra, S. K. (2022). Varietal Differences in Tillering and Yield Responses of Transplanted Rice on Different Soil Textured Sites of Southwestern Punjab. Acta Scientific Agriculture, 08–11. https://doi.org/10.31080/ASAG.2022.06.1126
Sitaresmi, T., Gunarsih, C., & Daradjat, A. A. (2012). Analisis Stabilitas Hasil Gabah Galur-galur Padi melalui Pendekatan Parametrik dan Nonparametrik. 79–86.
Susanto, U., Sembiring, H., Reinke, R., & Swamy, and B. P. M. (2025). Scaling Zinc-Biofortified Rice to Fight Against Stunting in Indonesia. Rice Today (International Rice Research Institute).
Talekar, S., Praveena, M. V., Satish, R. G., & Talekar, S. C. (2022). Genetic variability and association studies for grain yield and yield related traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.). INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL PLANT SCIENCES, 17(2). https://doi.org/10.15740/HAS/IJPS/17.2/202-208
Wang, H., Xiong, R., Zhou, Y., Tan, X., Pan, X., Zeng, Y., Huang, S., Shang, Q., Xie, X., Zhang, J., & Zeng, Y. (2022). Grain yield improvement in high-quality rice varieties released in southern China from 2007 to 2017. Frontiers in Sustainable Food Systems, 6, 986655. https://doi.org/10.3389/FSUFS.2022.986655/BIBTEX
Wang, R., Li, K., Zhang, W., Liu, H., Tao, Y., Liu, Y., Ding, G., Yang, G., Zhou, Y., Wang, J., Wu, L., Liu, B., & Mu, F. (2024). QTL-seq analysis identified the genomic regions of plant height and days to heading in high-latitude rice. Frontiers in Genetics, 15, 1305681. https://doi.org/10.3389/FGENE.2024.1305681/BIBTEX
Zhong, H., Liu, S., Sun, T., Kong, W., Deng, X., Peng, Z., & Li, Y. (2021). Multi-locus genome-wide association studies for five yield-related traits in rice. BMC Plant Biology, 21(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/S12870-021-03146-8/FIGURES/4
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
Citation Check
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Wage Ratna Rohaeni, Yenny Muliani, Satria Putra Sulistiyo, Yullianida, Sulaiman Ginting
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal exlusive right and licence of first publication for the full legal term of copyright with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
- Authors also grant any third party the right to use the articles freely as long as its integrity is maintained and its original authors, citation details and publisher are identified.
- Jurnal Agro is not responsible for subsequent uses of the work. It is the author’s responsibility to bring an infringement action if so desired by the author
- The corresponding author must sign the License to Publish Agreement Form at the time of submission of his/her manuscript.
Jurnal Agro (J. Agro: ISSN 2407-7993) by http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/ja/index is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
