Gender-Responsive Maqāṣid: Reconstructing Islamic Legal Reasoning on Sexual Violence through KUPI’s Collective Ijtihād
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15575/as.v28i1.54050Keywords:
collective ijtihad, gender justice, KUPI, Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, sexual violence, women’s lived experiencesAbstract
Contemporary studies on the Indonesian Women Ulama Congress (KUPI) have showed its contribution to women’s religious authority, gender-just Islamic interpretation, and the development of maqāṣid cum-mubādalah. Results have shown that limited attention is given to how these epistemological principles reconstruct classical maqāṣid reasoning within a specific fatwa on sexual violence. Therefore, this study aims to examine KUPI Fatwa No. 02/MK-KUPI-1/IV/2017 on the protection of women from sexual violence to identify how women’s lived experiences are integrated into maqāṣid-based Islamic legal reasoning. The study used critical hermeneutics and qualitative content analysis of the official fatwa document, supported by relevant classical and contemporary Islamic legal scholarship. The results showed that KUPI reinterpreted sexual violence as a multidimensional violation of ḥifẓ al-nafs, ḥifẓ al-‘aql, ḥifẓ al-dīn, and ḥifẓ al-nasl. In addition, classical protection-oriented maqāṣid was extended through karāmah insāniyyah, al-‘adl, al-raḥmah, mubādalah, and women’s lived experiences as epistemically relevant considerations. The results also showed that KUPI’s collective ijtihād constructed a gender-responsive maqāṣid framework, which moved Islamic legal reasoning from formal protection toward substantive justice, bodily integrity, psychological well-being, and human dignity. This framework contributes to contemporary Islamic legal theory by showing how scriptural authority, ethical objectives, and women’s experiential knowledge can interact within a coherent model of gender-just legal reasoning.
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