Causes and Forms of Cyberbullying among Teenagers in Indonesian Urban Areas: Cases of Jakarta, Bandung and Surabaya


Elsa Lutmilarita Amanatin(1*), Bintarsih Sekarningrum(2)

(1) Padjadjaran University, Indonesia
(2) Padjadjaran University, Indonesia
(*) Corresponding Author

Abstract


The development of digitalization has had an impact on the increasing cases of cyberbullying among Indonesian youth, especially in urban areas such as Jakarta, Surabaya, and Bandung. This article finds out why teenagers in urban areas are rampant in carrying out cyberbullying behavior. The existing studies were examined to map the causes and forms of cyberbullying experienced by teenagers in the three cities by applying inclusion and exclusion criteria. Employing Anthony Giddens structuration theory, this article reveals that cyberbullying among urban teenagers is the impact of the relationship between agents and structures that shape social reality. In Jakarta, cyberbullying has emerged as a result of the lack of social support from peers and the low emotional intelligence that teenagers have. In Surabaya, cyberbullying arose as a result of lack of self-control and parental evaluation mediation, low self-esteem, and a strong desire for self-recognition in order to show their power. In Bandung, cyberbullying arose as a result of the anonymity and authoritarian pattern of parental care.


Keywords


Behavior; cyberbullying; structuration; teenagers; urban

Full Text:

PDF

References


Agianto, Rifqi, Anggi Setiawati, and Ricky Firmansyah. 2020. “Pengaruh Media Sosial Instagram Terhadap Gaya Hidup dan Etika Remaja.” TEMATIK - Jurnal Teknologi Informasi Dan Komunikasi 7(2 SE-Articles):130–39.

Aringga, Mita Virdia Mega, Akhmad Fauzie, and Wanda Rahma Syanti. 2020. “Peran Kontrol Diri dan Parental Evaluative Mediatation Terhadap Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Remaja.” Prosiding Temu Ilmiah Nasional Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Hang Tuah “Peran Psikologi dalam Menyiapkan SDM Bidang Maritim Pada Era New Normal” 131.

Astari, Debi, Hedi Pudjo Santosa, Agus Naryoso, and M. Bayu Widagdo. 2015. “Perilaku Berinternet dan Interaksi Sosial Remaja di Kota Semarang (Studi Tentang Cyberbullying di Ask. Fm).” Interaksi Online 4(1).

Astuti, Ana Puji, and Anike Nurmalita. 2014. “Teknologi Komunikasi dan Perilaku Remaja.” Jurnal Analisa Sosiologi 3(1):91–111.

Astuti, Ratna Fitri, Vitria Puri Rahayu, Mustangin Mustangin, Ritma Ratri Candra Dewi, and Rosyidah Rahmaniah. 2022. “Analisis Perilaku Konsumsi Melalui Gaya Hidup pada Usia Remaja.” Satwika: Kajian Ilmu Budaya Dan Perubahan Sosial 6(2):232–41.

Darmayanti, Kusumasari Kartika Hima, Farida Kurniawati, and Dominikus David Biondi Situmorang. 2019. “Bullying di Sekolah: Pengertian, Dampak, Pembagian dan Cara Menanggulanginya.” Pedagogia 17(1):55–66.

Dewi, Dinie Anggraeni, Solihin Ichas Hamid, Farah Annisa, Monica Oktafianti, and Pingkan Regi Genika. 2021. “Menumbuhkan Karakter Siswa Melalui Pemanfaatan Literasi Digital.” Jurnal Basicedu 5(6):5249–57.

Dewi, Maretza Chandra. 2020. “Fenomena Electronic Dance Music (EDM) Terhadap Gaya Hidup di Kalangan Remaja Urban.” Jakarta: FITK UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Dewi, Syindi Kusuma. 2022. “Hubungan Antara Kesepian dengan Intensitas Penggunaan Media Sosial Instagram pada Remaja.” Universitas Islam Indonesia.

Fadhilla, Izmi Nanda Nur, and Suci Nugraha. 2023. “Pengaruh Alexithymia Terhadap Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Pengguna Media Sosial.” Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science 3(1):42–49. doi: 10.29313/bcsps.v3i1.5129.

Giddens, Anthony. 1984. The Constituation of Society-Outline of the Theory of Structuration. Polity Press.

Giddens, Anthony. 2010. Teori Strukturasi Dasar-Dasar Pembentukan Struktur Sosial Masyarakat. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Handono, Santi Gusti, Kasetchai Laeheem, and Ruthaychonnee Sittichai. 2019. “Factors Related with Cyberbullying among the Youth of Jakarta, Indonesia.” Children and Youth Services Review 99(August 2018):235–39. doi: 10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.02.012.

Hidayati, Aimasari Nur. 2019. “Hubungan Antara Self-Esteem dengan Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Remaja Pengguna Instagram di Surabaya.” Universitas Airlangga.

Iskandar, Dudi, and Muhamad Isnaeni. 2019. “Penggunaan Internet di Kalangan Remaja di Jakarta.” Communicare : Journal of Communication Studies 6(1):57. doi: 10.37535/101006120194.

Junawan, Hendra, and Nurdin Laugu. 2020. “Eksistensi Media Sosial,Youtube, Instagram dan Whatsapp di Tengah Pandemi Covid-19 di Kalangan Masyarakat Virtual Indonesia.” Baitul ’Ulum: Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan Dan Informasi 4(1):41–57. doi: 10.30631/baitululum.v4i1.46.

Khairunnisa, Rafidah, and Muhammad Zulfa Alfaruqy. 2022. “Hubungan Antara Kecerdasan Emosional dengan Cyberbullyingdi Media Sosial Twitter pada Siswa SMAN 26 Jakarta:” Jurnal Empati 11:260–68.

Krisnawan, B. N. W. 2018. “Hubungan Antara Persepsi Remaja Terhadap Peran Teman Sebaya dan Moral Disengagement dengan Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Siswa SMA di Surabaya.” Universitas Airlangga.

Kuen, Mitha Mayestika, and Fyan Andinasari Kuen. 2020. “Efektifitas Komunikasi Sebagai Katalisator Berkembangnya Post Truth Cerdaskan Milenial Bermedia Sosial di Kota Makassar.” KAREBA: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi 9:361–81.

Kumala, Ayu Puput Budi, and Agustin Sukmawati. 2020. “Dampak Cyberbullying pada Remaja.” Alauddin Scientific Journal of Nursing 1(1):55–65. doi: https://doi.org/10.24252/asjn.v1i1.17648.

Laora, Azni Yeza, and Feri Sanjaya. 2021. “Fenomena Cyberbullying di Media Sosial Instagram (Studi Deskriptif Tentang Kesehatan Mental pada Generasi Z Usia 20-25 Tahun di Jakarta).” Oratio Directa 3(1):346–68.

Lubis, Dahlia, and Husna Sari Siregar. 2020. “Bahaya Radikalisme Terhadap Moralitas Remaja Melalui Teknologi Informasi (Media Sosial).” APLIKASIA: Jurnal Aplikasi Ilmu-Ilmu Agama 20:21–34.

Ludfi, Shofiatul Alia. 2023. “Hubungan Antara Persepsi Bystander dan Kelekatan Orang Tua dengan Cyberbullying Pada Remaja.” UIN RADEN INTAN LAMPUNG.

Malihah, Zahro, and Alfiasari Alfiasari. 2018. “Perilaku Cyberbullying Pada Remaja dan Kaitannya dengan Kontrol Diri dan Komunikasi Orang Tua.” Jurnal Ilmu Keluarga Dan Konsumen 11(2):145–56. doi: 10.24156/jikk.2018.11.2.145.

Maya, Nur. 2015. “Fenomena Cyberbullying di Kalangan Pelajar.” Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik (JISIP) 4(3).

Murwani, Endah. 2019. “Cyberbullying Behavior Patterns in Adolescents in Jakarta.” Jurnal Komunikasi Ikatan Sarjana Komunikasi Indonesia 4(2):96–103. doi: 10.25008/jkiski.v4i2.330.

Niken, Titis Pratitis, Suryanto Suryanto, and Mumtazah Miqdah. 2022. “Cyberbullying Among Urban Teens.” Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Social Science, Humanity and Public Health (ICOSHIP 2021) 645(Icoship 2021):260–64. doi: 10.2991/assehr.k.220207.044.

Nissa, Ristie Nashaya Faidatu’, and Muhammad Ilmi Hatta. 2022. “Hubungan Self-Esteem dengan Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Remaja Pengguna Media Sosial Twitter.” Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science 2(1):167–73. doi: 10.29313/bcsps.v2i1.886.

Noor, Wan, and Hamiza Wan. 2018. “Cyberbullying Detection : An Overview.” Pp. 1–3 in 2018 Cyber Resilience Conference (CRC). IEEE.

Nugraheni, Prasasti Dyah. 2021. “The New Face of Cyberbullying in Indonesia: How Can We Provide Justice to the Victims?” The Indonesian Journal of International Clinical Legal Education 3(1):57–76. doi: 10.15294/ijicle.v3i1.43153.

Nurhadiyanto, Lucky. 2020. “Analisis Cyber Bullying Dalam Perspektif Teori Aktivitas Rutin pada Pelajar SMA di Wilayah Jakarta Selatan.” IKRA-ITH Humaniora 4(2):113–24.

Nurlaily, Talia Hanafiah, Sri Maslihah, and Anastasia Wulandari. 2020. “Pengaruh Pola Asuh Otoriter Terhadap Kecenderungan Cyberbullying yang Dimediasi oleh Kecerdasan Emosional (Emotional Intelligence) pada Remaja di Kota Bandung.” INQUIRY: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi 11(1):51–64. doi: 10.51353/inquiry.v11i1.388.

Oktafianti, Rizki Afita. 2020. “Hubungan Fungsi Afektif Keluarga dengan Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Remaja.” Universitas Muhammadiyah Yogyakarta.

Orizani, Chindy Maria, and Ganadhi Monica The. 2020. “Cyberbullying dan Interaksi Sosial pada Remaja Kelas XI SMA di Surabaya.” Adi Husada Nursing Journal 6(1):19. doi: 10.37036/ahnj.v6i1.163.

Palinggi, Sandryones, and Erich C. Limbongan. 2020. “Pengaruh Internet Terhadap Industri Ecommerce dan Regulasi Perlindungan Data Pribadi Pelanggan di Indonesia.” Semnas Ristek (Seminar Nasional Riset dan Inovasi Teknologi). Vol. 4.

Pandie, Mira Marleni, and Ivan Th J. Weismann. 2016. “Pengaruh Cyberbullying di Media Sosial Terhadap Perilaku Reaktif Sebagai Pelaku Maupun Sebagai Korban Cyberbullying pada Siswa Kristen SMP Nasional Makassar.” Jurnal Jaffray 14(1):43–62.

Pertiwi, Dita. 2023. “Hubungan Antara Anonimitas dengan Cyberbullying pada Mahasiswa Pengguna Media Sosial.” Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.

Poluakan, Marcelino Vincentius, Didin Dikayuana, Herry Wibowo, and Santoso Tri Raharjo. 2019. “Potret Generasi Milenial pada Era Revolusi Industri 4.0.” Focus: Jurnal Pekerjaan Sosial 2(2):187–97.

Pratama, K. R. 2021. “Instagram, Media Sosial Pemicu: Cyberbullying Tertinggi.” Kompas.Com.

Pribadi, Regina Agatha. 2019. “Hubungan Antara Citra Diri Negatif dengan Kecemasan Sosial pada Remaja Putri Perkotaan.” CALYPTRA 8(1):1656–71.

Purnama Ratri, Andrea Prita, and Esther Widhi Andangsari. 2021. “The Role of Empathy in Predicting Cyberbullying Behaviour in Youth Social Media Users in Jakarta.” (January 2018):391–98. doi: 10.5220/0010008603910398.

Putranto, Muharram Dwi. 2018. “Cyberbullying di Kalangan Remaja Urban.” Jurnal Sosologi, Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Airlangga Surabaya.

Rifauddin, Machsun. 2016. “Fenomena Cyberbullying pada Remaja (Studi Analisis Media Sosial Facebook).” Khizanah Al-Hikmah : Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan, Informasi, dan Kearsipan 4(1):35–44. doi: https://doi.org/10.24252/kah.v4i1a3.

S, Laurensius, Danel Situngkir, Rianda Putri, and Rahmat Fauzi. 2019. “Cyber Bullying Against Children in Indonesia.” doi: 10.4108/eai.5-9-2018.2281372.

Samsiah, Nur Asri, and Utami Indri Sumaryanti. 2023. “Pengaruh Anonimitas Terhadap Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Remaja Akhir di Bandung.” Bandung Conference Series: Psychology Science 3(1):366–72. doi: 10.29313/bcsps.v3i1.5362.

Sanusi, Hafifa Zuhra, and Mohamad Syahriar Sugandi. 2021. “Peran Komunikasi Keluarga dalam Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Remaja.” ETTISAL : Journal of Communication 5(2):273–90. doi: https://doi.org/10.21111/ejoc.v5i2.4440.

Setiana, Desi, Tiroanna Marlina, Nasution Norainna, Besar Alifya, and Shafa Susanto. 2021. “Managing Cyberbullying Impacts in Time of Digital Ecosystem (Lesson Learned from TeensVictims-Actors Evidence from Jakarta).” 592(Iclhr):172–81.

Sugihartati, Rahma. 2017. Budaya Populer dan Subkultur Anak Muda: Antara Resistensi dan Hegemoni Kapitalisme di Era Digital. Airlangga University Press.

Sugihartati, Rahma, Nadia Egalita, and Arya Wijaya. 2021. “Whatsapp Group Sebagai Digital Heterotopia: Dari Sumber Informasi Digital Hingga Digital Leisure.” Jurnal Ilmu Informasi, Perpustakaan Dan Kearsipan 23(1):2.

Syah, Rahmat, and Istiana Hermawati. 2018. “Upaya Pencegahan Kasus Cyberbullying bagi Remaja Pengguna Media Sosial di Indonesia." Jurnal Penelitian Kesejahteraan Sosial 17(2):131-146.

Syena, Intan Ayudhita, Taty Hernawati, and Anita Setyawati. 2020. “Gambaran Cyberbullying Pada Siswa di SMA X Kota Bandung.” Jurnal Keperawatan BSI 8(1):42–50.

Taufany, Ahmad Frisk, and Subagyo Adam. 2019. “Cyberbullying in Junior High School Students in Surabaya.” (ICoCSPA 2018):157–62. doi: 10.5220/0008818301570162.

Thompson, Penny. 2015. “How Digital Native Learners Describe Themselves.” Education and Information Technologies 20:467–84. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-013-9295-3.

Tjongjono, Bonny, Hartono Gunardi, Sudung O. Pardede, and Tjhin Wiguna. 2019. “Perundungan-Siber (Cyberbullying) Serta Masalah Emosi dan Perilaku pada Pelajar Usia 12-15 Tahun di Jakarta Pusat.” Sari Pediatri 20(6):342. doi: 10.14238/sp20.6.2019.342-8.

Tripriantini, Shelen Indah, Nur Oktavia, and Etika Emaliyawati. 2019. “Gambaran Tingkat Kecemasan Siswa SMA Korban Cyberbullying di SMA Negeri 27 Kota Bandung.” Jurnal Keperawatan BSI 7(2):11–19.

Tsoraya, Nurul Dwi, Ika Ainun Khasanah, Masduki Asbari, and Agus Purwanto. 2023. “Pentingnya Pendidikan Karakter Terhadap Moralitas Pelajar di Lingkungan Masyarakat Era Digital.” Literaksi: Jurnal Manajemen Pendidikan 1(01):7–12.

Wiguna, Tjhin, R. Irawati Ismail, Rini Sekartini, Noorhana Setyawati Winarsih Rahardjo, Fransiska Kaligis, Albert Limawan Prabowo, and Rananda Hendarmo. 2018. “The Gender Discrepancy in High-Risk Behaviour Outcomes in Adolescents Who Have Experienced Cyberbullying in Indonesia.” Asian Journal of Psychiatry 37(June):130–35. doi: 10.1016/j.ajp.2018.08.021.

Willard, Nancy E. 2007. Cyberbullying and Cyberthreats: Responding to the Challenge of Online Social Aggression, Threats, and Distress. Research Press.

Yunita, Reni. 2023. “Perundungan Maya (Cyber Bullying) pada Remaja Awal.” Muhafadzah 1(2):93–110. doi: 10.53888/muhafadzah.v1i2.430.

Yustito, Ramdhan Elang, Titi Niken Pratitis, and Rahma Kusumandari. 2022. “Kecenderungan Perilaku Cyberbullying pada Remaja: Menguji Peranan Kelekatan Teman Sebaya.” INNER: Journal of Psychological Research 2(2):131–38.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15575/jispo.v13i2.27792

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Bookmark and Share


Copyright (c) 2023 Elsa Lutmilarita Amanatin, Bintarsih Sekarningrum

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

________________________________________________________________________

P - ISSN : 2303-3169

E - ISSN : 2579-3098


JISPO is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.>

 

Published by : Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung

Flag Counter

 

View My Stats