Main Article Content
Abstract
This study aims to examine the effect of the Inquiry-Based Learning (IBL) model, specifically the CRIG framework, on the Mathematical Problem-Solving Ability (MPSA) of mathematics education students at an Islamic higher education institution in Bandung, with consideration for their self-efficacy (SE) levels. Employing a quasi-experimental design with 56 students, the sample was divided into an IBL-CRIG framework group and a Direct Instruction (DI) group. Data were collected using valid and reliable instruments for MPSA and SE, and subsequently analyzed through two-way ANOVA and descriptive statistics. The results indicate that the IBL-CRIG framework model is more effective in enhancing overall MPSA, yielding an average score of 39.54 compared to 31.43 for the DI model. Significant differences in MPSA achievement were observed based on both the instructional model and SE levels (low, medium, and high); however, no significant interaction was found between the instructional model and SE levels. Regarding SE, students in both groups fell within the medium-to-high range, with the IBL-CRIG group showing strengths in mental effort and support indicators, while the DI group excelled in focus and reward indicators. The integration of problem-solving methods with Islamic spiritual values fosters contextual solutions that are technically effective, ethical, and sustainable. Consequently, the IBL-CRIG framework serves as an effective primary instructional approach for optimally enhancing students’ mathematical problem-solving abilities across all levels of self-efficacy.
Keywords
Article Details
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
References
- Abd Al-Mayahy, R. J. (2026). Self-confidence among university students. Academia Open, 11(1), 10–21070. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13559
- Abdullah, I. H., Suharna, H., & Ruhama, M. A. (2024). The Structure of Students’ Mathematical Errors in Solving Calculus Problems Based on Cognitive Style. International Education Studies, 17(4), 25-31. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1438373
- Abnisa, A.P. (2024) Tafsir tarbawi: Tafsir ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an terhadap pendidikan. Indramayu: Penerbit Adab CV. Adanu Abimata.
- Agustina, E. N. S., and Nuriyatin, S. (2023). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaika Soal Kalkulus Diferensial Pada Masa Pembelajaran Online. JEDMA Jurnal Edukasi Matematika, 3(2), 72-85. https://doi.org/10.51836/jedma.v3i2.504
- Ahmed, Y. (2026). Developing Tadabbur (Qur’anic Contemplation): A Philosophy of Spiritual and Moral Pedagogy. In: Lovat, T. (eds) Handbook of Islamic Philosophy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-4666-4_33
- Al-Attas, M. N. (1980). The concept of education in Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Muslim Youth Movement of Malaysia.
- Anam, A. M., Acikgenc, A., MR, M. I. F., and Alwiyah, N. (2026). The Dialectics of Metacognition and Spirituality: Integrating Self-Regulated Learning within the Islamic Intellectual Tradition. Dialogium: Journal of Islamic Studies, 1(1), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.21831/djis.v1i1.95873
- Anggraini, R. S., Gunawan, R. G., & Rizki, H. (2025). Evaluation Of Students’ Critical Thinking Ability In Solving Real Analysis Problems. Mathline : Jurnal Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika, 10(3), 689–702. https://doi.org/10.31943/mathline.v10i3.852
- Aulia, R., Ainun, M. H., and Effendi, S. M. (2026). Teori Belajar Konstruktivisme dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an: Analisis Komparatif dan Implikasinya terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Literasi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 17(2), 234-259. https://doi.org/10.21927/literasi.2026.17(2).234-259
- Bandura, A. (1989). Regulation of cognitive processes through perceived self-efficacy. Developmental psychology, 25(5), 729. Retieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0012-1649.25.5.729
- Bandura, A. (1997) Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY: W. H. Freeman and.
- Bhat, A. M., and Bisati, A. A. (2025). Rationality in the Qur’an: Integrating Reason and Revelation for Contemporary Islamic Education. Dirasah International Journal of Islamic Studies, 3(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.59373/drs.v3i1.40
- Budiyanti, N., Komariah, K. S., Hermawan, W., and Hyangsewu, P. (2024). Impact of the Ulû Al-Ilm model on six domains of student learning outcomes in Islamic religious education. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i1.33225
- Chen, G., Shen, J., Barth-Cohen, L., Jiang, S., Huang, X., and Eltoukhy, M. (2017). Assessing elementary students’ computational thinking in everyday reasoning and robotics programming. Computers & Education, 109, 162-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.03.001
- Choudhury, M.A. (2019). Islamic world view. Oxfordshire: Taylor & Francis.
- Creswell, J.W. (2012) Educational Research Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed). London: Pearson.
- Damayanti, F. (2026). Integrasi Ilmu dalam Konsep Berpikir Menurut Perspektif Al-Qur’an: Implementasi dan Akal Sebagai Landasan Berpikir. Noor: Journal of Islamic Studies, 2(1), 93-107. https://doi.org/10.69836/noor.v2i1.332
- Darmadi, D. (2015). Profil Aktivitas Mahasiswi Calon Guru Matematika dalam Memahami Definisi Formal Barisan Konvergen dengan Visualisasi. Math Didactic, 1(3), 176879. Retrieved from https://www.neliti.com/publications/176879/profil-aktivitas-mahasiswi-calon-guru-matematika-dalam-memahami-definisi-formal
- Firdaus, D. H. (2021). Ulul Albab Perspektif Al-Qur’an (Kajian Maudlu’iy dan Integrasi Agama Dan Sains). Jurnal Ats-Tsaqofi, 3(1), 97-114. Retrieved from https://ejournal.kopertais4.or.id/mataraman/index.php/tsaqofi/article/view/4405
- Fitriani, F., and Siahaan, M. M. L. (2022). Deskripsi kemampuan pembuktian langsung mahasiswa pada matakuliah analisis variabel riil. RANGE: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 112-121. https://doi.org/10.32938/jpm.Vol4.Iss1.2715
- Grieser, D. (2018) Exploring mathematics: Problem-solving and proof. Berlin: Springer.
- Gronow, M., Mulligan, J., and Cavanagh, M. (2022). Teachers’ understanding and use of mathematical structure: M. Gronow et al. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 34(2), 215-240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-020-00342-x
- Gronow, M.T. (2022) Pre-service Teachers’ Noticing of Structural Thinking in Mathematics. New South Wales: Macquarie University.
- Hanifah, H. (2022). Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Barisan Bilangan Riil. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 11(3), 1864-1874. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v11i3.5119
- Imronudin, I., Fatchiatuzahro, F., and Muhammad, R. (2026). Pedagogi Alam Semesta: Analisis Tafsīr Tarbawī Qs. Al-Ghāsyiah [88]: 17-20 Tentang Metodologi Observasi dan Inkuiri. AT-THARIQ: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Budaya, 6(01), 33-41. https://doi.org/10.57210/trq.v6.i01.337
- Klang, N., Karlsson, N., Kilborn, W., Eriksson, P., and Karlberg, M. (2021, August). Mathematical problem-solving through cooperative learning—the importance of peer acceptance and friendships. In Frontiers in education (Vol. 6, p. 710296). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.710296
- Maryono, I., Kusumah, Y. S., Dahlan, J. A., Sobarningsih, N., and Naviatusiva. (2023, March). Achievement of mathematical proof comprehension ability through question student have strategy in online learning. In AIP Conference Proceedings 2572(1), 050007. AIP Publishing LLC. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0135682
- Maryono, I., Sugilar, H., and Aditya, A. H. Z. (2024). Struktur dan Cara Berpikir Matematika melalui Framework Connections, Recognition Patern, Identifying Similarities and Differences and Generalising (CRIG). Jurnal Perspektif, 8(2), 275-290. https://doi.org/10.15575/jp.v8i2.296
- Mason, J., Stephens, M., and Watson, A. (2009). Appreciating mathematical structure for all. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 21(2), 10-32. Mason, J., Stephens, M., & Watson, A. (2009). Appreciating mathematical structure for all. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 21(2), 10-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03217543
- Muhtadi, A., Assagaf, G., and Hukom, J. (2022). Self-efficacy and students’ mathematics learning ability in Indonesia: A meta analysis study. International Journal of Instruction, 15(3), 1131-1146. Retrieved from https://e-iji.net/ats/index.php/pub/article/view/367
- Pendis. (2018) Standar Kompetensi Lulusan (SKL) dan Capaian Pembelajaran Lulusan (CPL) Program Studi Jenjang Sarjana pada Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam dan Fakultas Agama Islam (FAI) pada Perguruan Tinggi. Jakarta: Direktorat Pendidikan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam, Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Islam, Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia.
- Rahmasari, F., and Aminullah, A. (2025). Karakteristik Kegiatan Berpikir dan Kecerdasan dalam Perspektif Psikologi Pendidikan Islam. Literasi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 16(2), 242-254. https://doi.org/10.21927/literasi.2025.16(2).242-254
- Ramadhan, M. R., Crismono, P. C., Hanifiyah, F., and Yakoh, M. (2026). Integrating Qur’anic Values into Algebra Learning: A Pedagogical Model for Developing Islamic Scientific Character. J-PAI: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.18860/jpai.v12i2.41485
- Rassool, G.H. (2023) Integrated research methodologies in Islāmic psychology. London: Taylor & Francis.
- Richland, L. E., Stigler, J. W., and Holyoak, K. J. (2012). Teaching the conceptual structure of mathematics. Educational psychologist, 47(3), 189-203. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2012.667065
- Sagone, E., and De Caroli, M. E. (2014). Locus of control and academic self-efficacy in university students: The effects of self-concepts. Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences, 114, 222-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.689
- Saputra, H., Az-Zahren, H. M., Agustina, N., Alpy, M., and Bahri, S. (2026). Development of critical thinking skills in Islamic education students: Integrating outcome-based education into higher education courses. Journal of Instruction and Islamic Religious Education, 2(1), 53-67. https://doi.org/10.63826/jiire.v2i1.176
- Schoenfeld, A. H. (1985). Making sense of “out loud” problem-solving protocols. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 4(2), 171-191. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232429044_Making_sense_of_out_loud_problem-solving_protocols
- Schoenfeld, A. H. (2006). Learning to think mathematically: Problem solving, metacognition, and sense making in mathematics. Retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/books/edited-volume/20147/Handbook-of-Research-on-Mathematics-Teaching-and
- Schunk, D.H. (2012) Learning theories an educational perspective. Sixth Edit. London: Pearson Education, Inc.
- Selden, A., and Selden, J. (2013). Proof and problem solving at university level. The Mathematics Enthusiast, 10(1), 303-334. https://doi.org/10.54870/1551-3440.1269
- Septiati, E. (2021). Kemampuan Mahasiswa dalam mengkonstruksi Bukti Matematis pada Mata Kuliah Analisis Real. Indiktika: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.31851/indiktika.v4i1.6761
- Siswanto, E., and Meiliasari, M. (2024). Kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada pembelajaran matematika: systematic literature review. Jurnal Riset Pembelajaran Matematika Sekolah, 8(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.21009/jrpms.081.06
- Sucipto, L., & Mauliddin, M. (2016). Analisis kesulitan belajar mahasiswa dalam memahami konsep bilangan real. Beta: Jurnal Tadris Matematika, 9(2), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.20414/betajtm.v9i2.37
- Sugilar, H. (2017). Daya matematis mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika. JNPM (Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Matematika), 1(1), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.33603/jnpm.v1i1.252
- Sugilar, H., Nuraida, I., and Habeeb, G. (2022). Cognitive flexibility in terms of mathematics education student learning outcomes. Numerical: Jurnal Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika, 6(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.25217/numerical.v6i1
- Supriyati, I. K. A. P. (2026). Hubungan antara Regulasi Emosi dan Self Efficacy terhadap Resiliensi Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir di Kota Surabaya (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya). Retrieved from https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/11711/
- Sydoruk, P. D. (2018). An analysis of the higher order thinking requirements of a grade 8 online-based English language arts skills program (Doctoral dissertation, Seton Hall University). Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/openview/6df4e935f173e41b7f4f8f24c137885c/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750
- Toshtemirova, S., Koshanova, N., Khaydarova, Z., Ilmurodova, F., Sadullaeva, M., and Nurmukhammadova, D. (2025). Integrative pedagogy and didactic models in teaching history through Islamic education: Insights from Uzbekistan. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(1), 63-76. http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/jpi
- Ula, N. M., Sari, I. C., and Faizin, M. (2026). Rekonstruksi Logika Ilmiah Ibnu Sina dan Relevansinya bagi Penalaran Mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam di Era Disrupsi Informasi. EL-BANAT: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam, 16(1), 76-89. https://doi.org/10.54180/elbanat.2026.16.1.76-89
- Voica, C., and Singer, F. M. (2012). Creative contexts as ways to strengthen mathematics learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33, 538-542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.179
- Wakjira, G. T., Ayele, M. A., and Birhanu, Z. K. (2026). Effect of the integrated cooperative problem solving and multiple representations approach on mathematical problem solving skills. Discover Education, 5(1), 195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-01353-9
- Watson, A., and Geest, E. D. (2005). Principled teaching for deep progress: Improving mathematical learning beyond methods and materials. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 58(2), 209-234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-005-2756-x
- Yousuf, M. I., & Rajeswari, G. (2024). Relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics achievement. International Journal of Emerging Knowledge Studies, 3(10), 797-802. https://doi.org/10.70333/ijeks-03-10-011
- Yudiyanto, M., Riyanti Agustini, N. A. F., Subiyono, S. K., Amaliya, M. F., Sa’diah, S., Sulastri, A. S. & Khoerunnisa, Z. (2024). Strategi membangun percaya diri peserta didik. Pangandaran: CV. Intake Pustaka.
References
Abd Al-Mayahy, R. J. (2026). Self-confidence among university students. Academia Open, 11(1), 10–21070. https://doi.org/10.21070/acopen.11.2026.13559
Abdullah, I. H., Suharna, H., & Ruhama, M. A. (2024). The Structure of Students’ Mathematical Errors in Solving Calculus Problems Based on Cognitive Style. International Education Studies, 17(4), 25-31. Retrieved from https://eric.ed.gov/?id=EJ1438373
Abnisa, A.P. (2024) Tafsir tarbawi: Tafsir ayat-ayat Al-Qur’an terhadap pendidikan. Indramayu: Penerbit Adab CV. Adanu Abimata.
Agustina, E. N. S., and Nuriyatin, S. (2023). Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaika Soal Kalkulus Diferensial Pada Masa Pembelajaran Online. JEDMA Jurnal Edukasi Matematika, 3(2), 72-85. https://doi.org/10.51836/jedma.v3i2.504
Ahmed, Y. (2026). Developing Tadabbur (Qur’anic Contemplation): A Philosophy of Spiritual and Moral Pedagogy. In: Lovat, T. (eds) Handbook of Islamic Philosophy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-95-4666-4_33
Al-Attas, M. N. (1980). The concept of education in Islam. Kuala Lumpur: Muslim Youth Movement of Malaysia.
Anam, A. M., Acikgenc, A., MR, M. I. F., and Alwiyah, N. (2026). The Dialectics of Metacognition and Spirituality: Integrating Self-Regulated Learning within the Islamic Intellectual Tradition. Dialogium: Journal of Islamic Studies, 1(1), 13-26. https://doi.org/10.21831/djis.v1i1.95873
Anggraini, R. S., Gunawan, R. G., & Rizki, H. (2025). Evaluation Of Students’ Critical Thinking Ability In Solving Real Analysis Problems. Mathline : Jurnal Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika, 10(3), 689–702. https://doi.org/10.31943/mathline.v10i3.852
Aulia, R., Ainun, M. H., and Effendi, S. M. (2026). Teori Belajar Konstruktivisme dalam Perspektif Al-Qur’an: Analisis Komparatif dan Implikasinya terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Literasi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 17(2), 234-259. https://doi.org/10.21927/literasi.2026.17(2).234-259
Bandura, A. (1989). Regulation of cognitive processes through perceived self-efficacy. Developmental psychology, 25(5), 729. Retieved from https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/0012-1649.25.5.729
Bandura, A. (1997) Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. New York, NY: W. H. Freeman and.
Bhat, A. M., and Bisati, A. A. (2025). Rationality in the Qur’an: Integrating Reason and Revelation for Contemporary Islamic Education. Dirasah International Journal of Islamic Studies, 3(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.59373/drs.v3i1.40
Budiyanti, N., Komariah, K. S., Hermawan, W., and Hyangsewu, P. (2024). Impact of the Ulû Al-Ilm model on six domains of student learning outcomes in Islamic religious education. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 10(1), 113-124. https://doi.org/10.15575/jpi.v10i1.33225
Chen, G., Shen, J., Barth-Cohen, L., Jiang, S., Huang, X., and Eltoukhy, M. (2017). Assessing elementary students’ computational thinking in everyday reasoning and robotics programming. Computers & Education, 109, 162-175. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2017.03.001
Choudhury, M.A. (2019). Islamic world view. Oxfordshire: Taylor & Francis.
Creswell, J.W. (2012) Educational Research Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed). London: Pearson.
Damayanti, F. (2026). Integrasi Ilmu dalam Konsep Berpikir Menurut Perspektif Al-Qur’an: Implementasi dan Akal Sebagai Landasan Berpikir. Noor: Journal of Islamic Studies, 2(1), 93-107. https://doi.org/10.69836/noor.v2i1.332
Darmadi, D. (2015). Profil Aktivitas Mahasiswi Calon Guru Matematika dalam Memahami Definisi Formal Barisan Konvergen dengan Visualisasi. Math Didactic, 1(3), 176879. Retrieved from https://www.neliti.com/publications/176879/profil-aktivitas-mahasiswi-calon-guru-matematika-dalam-memahami-definisi-formal
Firdaus, D. H. (2021). Ulul Albab Perspektif Al-Qur’an (Kajian Maudlu’iy dan Integrasi Agama Dan Sains). Jurnal Ats-Tsaqofi, 3(1), 97-114. Retrieved from https://ejournal.kopertais4.or.id/mataraman/index.php/tsaqofi/article/view/4405
Fitriani, F., and Siahaan, M. M. L. (2022). Deskripsi kemampuan pembuktian langsung mahasiswa pada matakuliah analisis variabel riil. RANGE: Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 112-121. https://doi.org/10.32938/jpm.Vol4.Iss1.2715
Grieser, D. (2018) Exploring mathematics: Problem-solving and proof. Berlin: Springer.
Gronow, M., Mulligan, J., and Cavanagh, M. (2022). Teachers’ understanding and use of mathematical structure: M. Gronow et al. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 34(2), 215-240. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13394-020-00342-x
Gronow, M.T. (2022) Pre-service Teachers’ Noticing of Structural Thinking in Mathematics. New South Wales: Macquarie University.
Hanifah, H. (2022). Analisis Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah Mahasiswa Dalam Menyelesaikan Soal Barisan Bilangan Riil. AKSIOMA: Jurnal Program Studi Pendidikan Matematika, 11(3), 1864-1874. https://doi.org/10.24127/ajpm.v11i3.5119
Imronudin, I., Fatchiatuzahro, F., and Muhammad, R. (2026). Pedagogi Alam Semesta: Analisis Tafsīr Tarbawī Qs. Al-Ghāsyiah [88]: 17-20 Tentang Metodologi Observasi dan Inkuiri. AT-THARIQ: Jurnal Studi Islam dan Budaya, 6(01), 33-41. https://doi.org/10.57210/trq.v6.i01.337
Klang, N., Karlsson, N., Kilborn, W., Eriksson, P., and Karlberg, M. (2021, August). Mathematical problem-solving through cooperative learning—the importance of peer acceptance and friendships. In Frontiers in education (Vol. 6, p. 710296). Frontiers Media SA. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.710296
Maryono, I., Kusumah, Y. S., Dahlan, J. A., Sobarningsih, N., and Naviatusiva. (2023, March). Achievement of mathematical proof comprehension ability through question student have strategy in online learning. In AIP Conference Proceedings 2572(1), 050007. AIP Publishing LLC. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0135682
Maryono, I., Sugilar, H., and Aditya, A. H. Z. (2024). Struktur dan Cara Berpikir Matematika melalui Framework Connections, Recognition Patern, Identifying Similarities and Differences and Generalising (CRIG). Jurnal Perspektif, 8(2), 275-290. https://doi.org/10.15575/jp.v8i2.296
Mason, J., Stephens, M., and Watson, A. (2009). Appreciating mathematical structure for all. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 21(2), 10-32. Mason, J., Stephens, M., & Watson, A. (2009). Appreciating mathematical structure for all. Mathematics Education Research Journal, 21(2), 10-32. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03217543
Muhtadi, A., Assagaf, G., and Hukom, J. (2022). Self-efficacy and students’ mathematics learning ability in Indonesia: A meta analysis study. International Journal of Instruction, 15(3), 1131-1146. Retrieved from https://e-iji.net/ats/index.php/pub/article/view/367
Pendis. (2018) Standar Kompetensi Lulusan (SKL) dan Capaian Pembelajaran Lulusan (CPL) Program Studi Jenjang Sarjana pada Perguruan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam dan Fakultas Agama Islam (FAI) pada Perguruan Tinggi. Jakarta: Direktorat Pendidikan Tinggi Keagamaan Islam, Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Islam, Kementerian Agama Republik Indonesia.
Rahmasari, F., and Aminullah, A. (2025). Karakteristik Kegiatan Berpikir dan Kecerdasan dalam Perspektif Psikologi Pendidikan Islam. Literasi: Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan, 16(2), 242-254. https://doi.org/10.21927/literasi.2025.16(2).242-254
Ramadhan, M. R., Crismono, P. C., Hanifiyah, F., and Yakoh, M. (2026). Integrating Qur’anic Values into Algebra Learning: A Pedagogical Model for Developing Islamic Scientific Character. J-PAI: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 12(2). https://doi.org/10.18860/jpai.v12i2.41485
Rassool, G.H. (2023) Integrated research methodologies in Islāmic psychology. London: Taylor & Francis.
Richland, L. E., Stigler, J. W., and Holyoak, K. J. (2012). Teaching the conceptual structure of mathematics. Educational psychologist, 47(3), 189-203. https://doi.org/10.1080/00461520.2012.667065
Sagone, E., and De Caroli, M. E. (2014). Locus of control and academic self-efficacy in university students: The effects of self-concepts. Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences, 114, 222-228. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.689
Saputra, H., Az-Zahren, H. M., Agustina, N., Alpy, M., and Bahri, S. (2026). Development of critical thinking skills in Islamic education students: Integrating outcome-based education into higher education courses. Journal of Instruction and Islamic Religious Education, 2(1), 53-67. https://doi.org/10.63826/jiire.v2i1.176
Schoenfeld, A. H. (1985). Making sense of “out loud” problem-solving protocols. The Journal of Mathematical Behavior, 4(2), 171-191. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/232429044_Making_sense_of_out_loud_problem-solving_protocols
Schoenfeld, A. H. (2006). Learning to think mathematically: Problem solving, metacognition, and sense making in mathematics. Retrieved from https://www.emerald.com/books/edited-volume/20147/Handbook-of-Research-on-Mathematics-Teaching-and
Schunk, D.H. (2012) Learning theories an educational perspective. Sixth Edit. London: Pearson Education, Inc.
Selden, A., and Selden, J. (2013). Proof and problem solving at university level. The Mathematics Enthusiast, 10(1), 303-334. https://doi.org/10.54870/1551-3440.1269
Septiati, E. (2021). Kemampuan Mahasiswa dalam mengkonstruksi Bukti Matematis pada Mata Kuliah Analisis Real. Indiktika: Jurnal Inovasi Pendidikan Matematika, 4(1), 64-72. https://doi.org/10.31851/indiktika.v4i1.6761
Siswanto, E., and Meiliasari, M. (2024). Kemampuan pemecahan masalah pada pembelajaran matematika: systematic literature review. Jurnal Riset Pembelajaran Matematika Sekolah, 8(1), 45-59. https://doi.org/10.21009/jrpms.081.06
Sucipto, L., & Mauliddin, M. (2016). Analisis kesulitan belajar mahasiswa dalam memahami konsep bilangan real. Beta: Jurnal Tadris Matematika, 9(2), 197-211. https://doi.org/10.20414/betajtm.v9i2.37
Sugilar, H. (2017). Daya matematis mahasiswa program studi pendidikan matematika. JNPM (Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Matematika), 1(1), 97-108. https://doi.org/10.33603/jnpm.v1i1.252
Sugilar, H., Nuraida, I., and Habeeb, G. (2022). Cognitive flexibility in terms of mathematics education student learning outcomes. Numerical: Jurnal Matematika Dan Pendidikan Matematika, 6(1), 49-58. https://doi.org/10.25217/numerical.v6i1
Supriyati, I. K. A. P. (2026). Hubungan antara Regulasi Emosi dan Self Efficacy terhadap Resiliensi Mahasiswa Tingkat Akhir di Kota Surabaya (Doctoral dissertation, Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya). Retrieved from https://repository.um-surabaya.ac.id/id/eprint/11711/
Sydoruk, P. D. (2018). An analysis of the higher order thinking requirements of a grade 8 online-based English language arts skills program (Doctoral dissertation, Seton Hall University). Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/openview/6df4e935f173e41b7f4f8f24c137885c/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750
Toshtemirova, S., Koshanova, N., Khaydarova, Z., Ilmurodova, F., Sadullaeva, M., and Nurmukhammadova, D. (2025). Integrative pedagogy and didactic models in teaching history through Islamic education: Insights from Uzbekistan. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 11(1), 63-76. http://journal.uinsgd.ac.id/index.php/jpi
Ula, N. M., Sari, I. C., and Faizin, M. (2026). Rekonstruksi Logika Ilmiah Ibnu Sina dan Relevansinya bagi Penalaran Mahasiswa Pendidikan Agama Islam di Era Disrupsi Informasi. EL-BANAT: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Pendidikan Islam, 16(1), 76-89. https://doi.org/10.54180/elbanat.2026.16.1.76-89
Voica, C., and Singer, F. M. (2012). Creative contexts as ways to strengthen mathematics learning. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 33, 538-542. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.01.179
Wakjira, G. T., Ayele, M. A., and Birhanu, Z. K. (2026). Effect of the integrated cooperative problem solving and multiple representations approach on mathematical problem solving skills. Discover Education, 5(1), 195. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44217-026-01353-9
Watson, A., and Geest, E. D. (2005). Principled teaching for deep progress: Improving mathematical learning beyond methods and materials. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 58(2), 209-234. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10649-005-2756-x
Yousuf, M. I., & Rajeswari, G. (2024). Relationship between mathematics self-efficacy and mathematics achievement. International Journal of Emerging Knowledge Studies, 3(10), 797-802. https://doi.org/10.70333/ijeks-03-10-011
Yudiyanto, M., Riyanti Agustini, N. A. F., Subiyono, S. K., Amaliya, M. F., Sa’diah, S., Sulastri, A. S. & Khoerunnisa, Z. (2024). Strategi membangun percaya diri peserta didik. Pangandaran: CV. Intake Pustaka.